For anyone facing a criminal charge
Understand what happens next — for your state.
Getting charged with a crime is confusing everywhere, but the details — how to request a public defender, what the court process looks like, what terms mean — vary state by state. Find your state below.
Find your state's guide50 states
Find your state
Each guide covers the general court process, how to request a public defender, and key terms — specific to that state.
This is general information, not legal advice.
These guides explain how the criminal court process generally works in a given state. They do not evaluate any individual case and do not create an attorney-client relationship with anyone. If you are facing a charge, consult a licensed attorney in your state.
Common terms
A few terms worth knowing, wherever you are
Exact procedures vary by state, but these terms show up almost everywhere in the U.S. criminal court system.
Arraignment / First Appearance
An early court hearing where charges are read, rights are explained, and release conditions are addressed.
Bail / Bond
Money or conditions a judge sets to allow release before trial.
Public Defender
A government-funded attorney appointed for defendants who cannot afford private counsel, usually based on income.
Discovery
The exchange of evidence between prosecution and defense before trial.
Plea
A defendant's formal response to a charge.
Sentencing
The hearing where a judge determines the consequences following a conviction or guilty plea.